Lessons from a Decade building on Bitcoin & Decentralized Protocols
1️⃣ Self‑custody isn’t an afterthought – it’s the core security model
- Design every component assuming the user holds the private keys.
- Eliminate hidden custodial layers; expose clear key‑management flows and recovery paths.
2️⃣ Unilateral exit must be baked in, not bolted on
- On‑chain settlements and Lightning withdrawals should be executable by a single party without third‑party approval.
- Expose an immediate on‑chain close or Lightning force‑close, preserving funds even if the service disappears.
3️⃣ UX = abstraction of complexity, not removal of it
- Hide protocol jargon behind intuitive actions while keeping the underlying guarantees visible in the UI for power users.
- Provide progressive disclosure: basic flow first, advanced settings on demand.
4️⃣ Security is non‑negotiable
- Threat‑model from day 0: key leakage, replay attacks, fee‑sniping, and network partitioning.
- Adopt formal verification where feasible (e.g., script validation, channel state machines).
- Run continuous fuzzing and audit pipelines; treat every new dependency as a potential attack surface.
5️⃣ Assume the network will fail – design for fault tolerance
- Graceful degradation: fallback to on‑chain paths when Lightning nodes are unreachable.
- Stateless services where possible; store only immutable transaction data.
- Redundant routing and multi‑path payments mitigate temporary topology failures.
Bottom line: Build for self‑custody, unilateral exit, and inevitable network disruptions.
Simplicity in the UI masks the rigorous, fault‑tolerant architecture underneath—because security and resilience are the only things that survive the long run.