The Jinjiang Tulou in Fujian Province, is one of the most heavily fortified Hakka clan villages in China. Built in 1791 out of rammed earth on a stone foundation on 3,000m² for 28 families and expanded in 1803 to house about 45 more in the new inner tower structure. Unusually this tulou has a granite gatehouse for extra security against bandit and pirate attacks which were common at the time. All the families were related to the same founding ancestor, and all the individual rooms were of the same size but families had complete freedom in how to divide their rooms, usually they had a main hall and a bedroom but sometimes this was divided into up to three smaller bedrooms. The structure is just local soil but the clay plaster contains brown sugar molasses and sticky rice paste (which feeds microbes in soil that can heal minor cracks over time). The building was more or less abandoned from the 1990s and neglected until quite recently when it received cultural protection status and much needed repairs.

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