@nostrich talks a lot about Lionel Shriver’s The Mandibles and, yeah, it’s a decent piece of near-future-fiction that imagines society’s break down in the post-financial-apocalypse of a US sovereign debt default.

But, IMHO, a far better work is Adam Ferguson’s When Money Dies which describes the recent-past-non-fiction of the causes and consequences of hyperinflation in Weimar Germany: A blend of financial history and personal anecdotes lifted from the diaries and letters of people who lived through it.